In Trishtup chandas, each pādam has 11 aksharas, making it longer and often used to convey emphasis or importance.
Anushtup chandas has 4 pādams × 8 aksharas = 32 syllables.

Krishna tells Arjuna that his behaviour is not befitting a warrior (kshatriya) and calls it weakness of heart (emotional collapse).

Arjuna says he cannot fight Bhishma and Droṇa, as they are his grandfather and guru, deserving respect and worship.

“Ari” means enemy, and “sudana” means destroyer. Krishna is called Ari-sudana because he killed demons (asuras).

Swadharma parityagaḥ means abandoning one’s own duty, which is considered an error of omission.

Paradharma parigrahaḥ means adopting someone else’s duty, which is an error of commission.

Arjuna is a kshatriya (warrior), whose duty (swadharma) is to protect, fight injustice, and rule. Begging (bhiksha) is traditionally allowed for brahmins, not kshatriyas.

If Arjuna gives up his duty and chooses begging:

It becomes Swadharma parityāgaḥ (leaving one’s duty → error of omission)
It also becomes Paradharma parigrahaḥ (taking another’s duty → error of commission)

Hence, for Arjuna, begging is considered adharma (sin) because it goes against his natural role and responsibility.

Arjuna clearly asks for a permanent solution (Upadeśam to get knowledge to do the right thing), not temporary comfort.

“Guḍākeśa” means one who has conquered sleep, referring to Arjuna.

“Hṛṣīkeśa” refers to Krishna as the Lord of the senses and my mind.

Sanjaya narrates the events of the war and the Gita to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.